PMCA density in bullfrog hair cell stereocilia quantified by immunogold EM and electrogenic pump current measurement. PMCA is the primary Ca2+ extrusion mechanism; blocking it with vanadate or carboxyeosin raises bundle [Ca2+] substantially. This is the correct citation for PMCA’s role in stereocilia Ca2+ clearance — the “Mammano 1999 Pflugers Arch” attribution in the h05 scripts is wrong; that paper (PMID 10436049) concerns ATP-evoked IP3-gated Ca2+ release, not PMCA kinetics.

Key finding

~10^6 PMCA molecules per hair bundle (~2000/µm² of membrane). Pharmacological block shows PMCA is essential for maintaining low resting [Ca2+] in stereocilia. Does not report a simple first-order k_extrusion — for a rate constant, use Beurg et al. 2010 J Neurophysiol (PMID 20427623).

Numbers that matter

ParameterValueUnitsConditionsNotes
PMCA density in stereocilia~2000pumps/µm²Bullfrog sacculus, immunogold~10^6 total per bundle
PMCA necessityconfirmedVanadate/carboxyeosin blockFunctional evidence; kinetics not quantified
First-order k_extrusionNOT GIVENUse Beurg 2010 for rate constant estimate

Limitations

  • Bullfrog sacculus, not mammalian OHC. PMCA2 density in mammalian OHC is higher.
  • Does not report turnover rate or first-order extrusion rate constant.
  • For k_extrusion ~30 /s in h05 scripts, cite Beurg 2010 (PMID 20427623) instead.

Connections